Health Watch: How AFFF Foam Contributes To Cancer Risks Through Regular Exposure

AFFF (aqueous film-forming foam) has been a trusted tool for extinguishing flammable liquid fires, especially in military and industrial settings. However, new research is uncovering a disturbing connection between AFFF and cancer risks, particularly among Navy personnel who frequently use it. In this article, we explore how AFFF contributes to cancer risks by examining its chemical components, health implications, and ongoing legal efforts.

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What is AFFF Foam?

Firehouse states AFFF foam, developed with 3M’s addition of PFAS, includes over 12,000 artificial compounds known as “forever chemicals.” These PFAS have strong carbon-fluoride bonds, providing remarkable physical endurance and stability. This chemical composition has been integral to AFFF’s effectiveness in firefighting but also raises concerns due to its environmental and health impacts.

AFFF is designed to suppress fires by creating a foam layer that forms a barrier over flammable liquids. AFFF, widely used in military and industrial settings, effectively extinguishes fires but poses health risks due to its chemical content.

Chemical Components of AFFF

AFFF contains per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). These chemicals are highly persistent, accumulating in the environment and human body, raising significant health concerns for their carcinogenic potential.

Department of Environmental Conservation states that AFFF’s chemical components are used in shipboard and shore facility fire suppression, firefighting vehicles, and training facilities. AFFF is purchased as a concentrate, typically in “3%” or “6%” forms, indicating the mixture ratio with water. This composition enhances its ability to suppress flammable liquid fires effectively.

Are there regulations limiting the use of PFAS in AFFF?

Yes, regulations are increasingly curbing PFAS use in AFFF. Agencies like the EPA have set guidelines to lower PFAS levels in firefighting foams and promote safer alternatives.

Cancer Risks Linked to AFFF Exposure

Studies link AFFF exposure to various cancers, including kidney, liver, and testicular cancers. The PFAS chemicals in AFFF are suspected carcinogens that may disrupt hormonal functions and contribute to chronic health issues. Navy personnel, who face frequent and prolonged exposure, are particularly at risk.

ATDSR states the Camp Lejeune cancer incidence study involving 154,821 Marines, Navy personnel, and civilian workers. It revealed increased cancer risks linked to contaminated water exposure.

Compared to Camp Pendleton’s population of 163,484, Lejeune’s residents faced higher risks of leukemia, lymphoma, lung, breast, and other cancers. Regular medical check-ups and consultations are recommended for those exposed.

The significant health dangers linked to AFFF exposure, supported by various studies, have led to legal actions against its manufacturers.

The AFFF lawsuit by Navy personnel, who have developed health problems such as cancer from AFFF exposure highlights the drive to hold manufacturers accountable. These lawsuits seek compensation for affected individuals and push for stricter regulations to address and mitigate the risks associated with AFFF.

TruLaw explains that proving the connection between AFFF and health problems requires a thorough review of medical records, scientific research, and expert testimonies. These components collectively establish a clear link between exposure to AFFF and serious conditions such as cancer, strengthening the foundation for personal injury claims.

Preventative Measures and Safety Protocols

To reduce cancer risks associated with AFFF, it is vital to implement strict safety measures. This includes using alternative firefighting agents, wearing appropriate protective gear, and properly disposing of AFFF. Regular health check-ups and adherence to updated handling practices are crucial for minimizing exposure.

What additional safety measures can Navy personnel take to further reduce AFFF exposure?

Navy personnel can further reduce AFFF exposure by using Sound Guard PVC foam earplugs, now congressionally mandated, in addition to PPE guidelines. These earplugs provide additional protection in environments where AFFF may be used, enhancing overall safety.

Legal and Advocacy Efforts

Legal and advocacy initiatives are actively addressing the dangers of AFFF. Lawsuits against manufacturers for not disclosing PFAS risks are pushing for greater transparency and stricter regulations. Advocacy groups are also working to ensure affected individuals receive compensation and to promote safer practices in the industry.

Future Directions and Research

Colorado Newsline states future research on firefighting foams focuses on PFAS-free alternatives, as the Pentagon mandates replacing AFFF by October 2024. With over 100 viable foams developed for Class B fires, rigorous testing is ongoing to meet new military standards. This transition aims to eliminate PFAS exposure while ensuring effective fire suppression, marking a significant shift in military firefighting protocols.

Ongoing research aims to better understand AFFF’s long-term health effects and develop safer alternatives. Efforts focus on improving PFAS detection, exploring less harmful firefighting agents, and refining regulatory measures. Advancements in these areas are essential for reducing health risks and ensuring safer practices.

How are Navy regulations and policies evolving in response to new research on AFFF?

Navy regulations are adapting to new research by enforcing stricter guidelines on AFFF use, exploring safer alternatives, and enhancing safety protocols. These changes aim to better protect personnel from harmful exposure.

Urgent Action Needed on AFFF

The emerging link between AFFF foam and cancer risks underscores the urgent need for improved safety measures and regulations. As research uncovers PFAS health impacts, Navy personnel and stakeholders need to advocate for safer practices and alternatives. Through legal action and preventive strategies, the goal is to mitigate these risks and safeguard the health of those exposed to AFFF.